How Long Do Swollen Gums Last
Gum swelling signifies an underlying issue, such as an infection or gum disease. While numerous issues can cause gum swelling, most are related to oral health or complications arising from oral health issues.
Swollen gums are typically not a cause for concern as the issue is quite common. However, if the condition persists for longer than one to two days, it could signal an issue like gingivitis, periodontitis, or an abscessed tooth. Should a fever accompany the swelling, the patient should promptly seek treatment from their dentist.
Causes of Gum Swelling
- Food Debris Trapped in the Teeth: In some cases, the cause of gum swelling can be something as simple as food particles becoming trapped in the teeth. For example, popcorn kernels can easily get stock between the teeth and could lodge in the gums. This can lead to swelling and irritation in the surrounding area. Typically, the swelling will resolve shortly after the debris is removed via flossing or brushing.
- Gingivitis: An initial stage of periodontal disease that causes gum irritation and swelling. This is one of the most common causes of gum swelling and will likely be the first thing the dentist checks for. If gingivitis is not treated, it can progress into a more serious infection, called periodontitis.
- Infections: Gum swelling often happens as a result of bacterial or viral infections in the mouth. For example, chronic infections like herpes, can cause complications that lead to swollen gums. Yeast infections, such as oral thrush, can also cause swelling.
- Pregnancy: The rapid hormonal changes women experience during pregnancy can also lead to gum swelling. The hormone changes can cause increased blood flow to the gums making them more prone to swelling.
- Other Causes: While less common, gum swelling can also be caused by malnutrition, side effects of certain medicines, sensitivity to ingredients in toothpaste or mouthwash, or poorly fitting dental appliances like dentures, bridges, or crowns.
Treatment Options
The initial step to medically treat swollen gums is a visit to the dentist. After conducting an examination, the dentist will be able to pinpoint the underlying cause and recommend appropriate treatment. Regular checkups and cleanings are also important in the identification and prevention of oral health issues before they develop into problems.
Based on the underlying cause, the dentist will recommend what type of treatment and/or medication is needed. Options may include:
- Medicated mouthwash
- Ointments
- Toothpastes
Prevention
Taking steps to prevent gum swelling is a vital component of any dental treatment. Measures that can help ease or prevent swelling symptoms include:
- Flossing daily or after meals
- Brushing at least two times per day using a soft-bristled toothbrush
- Using mouthwashes and toothpastes that are gentle
- Minimize consumption of overly sugary foods and drinks that contribute to bacteria buildup
- Avoid chewing or smoking tobacco
- Avoid alcoholic beverages and mouthwashes that can dry out the gums and cause irritation
- Avoid hard, sharp foods like popcorn, chips, and seeds that can get trapped in the teeth
- Stick to a diet of vitamin and nutrient rich foods